Euler’s Identity has been selected in several surveys as the most beautiful mathematical formula. It is not the ... a real part and an imaginary part, for example 4+3i. The simplest of these ...

We further propose a two-timescale MAS in which players are formulated by Euler-Lagrange (EL) dynamics. We prove the convergence of the MAS with derived conditions to one of the local GNEs. We ...