The West’s Eurocentric version of scientific history omits some of the most important events that shaped modern thinking.

I think that no Egyptian intellectuals in the early 20th century wanted to destroy their culture and values. However, many of ...

To avoid the wrath of the Fatimid caliph in Egypt, Ibn al-Haytham supposedly feigned madness and was placed under house arrest, giving him time to focus on optics. In doing so, he developed a ...

Queen Toda approached Córdoba’s great ruler, the caliph ’Abd al-Rahman III, with two bold requests: help with a cure for her grandson’s morbid obesity and military support to regain the throne.