the function of all eukaryotic centromeres has been strongly conserved during evolution. This article focuses on the centromeres of mammalian chromosomes, particularly those in humans. Much of ...

The X chromosome is larger and commands more regulatory functions throughout the brain and body. While diseases such as color-blindness and hemophilia have long been understood to be X-linked ...

The path from the initial discovery of sex chromosomes in 1891 to an understanding of their true function was paved by the diligent efforts of multiple scientists over the course of many years.

The enigmatic Y chromosome has a tendency to disappear from cells with age. Now, research is revealing the long-term impacts ...

Related: Faster brain aging tied to X chromosome inherited from Mom In menopause, estrogen levels plummet. The hormone has many functions in the brain, including helping shuttle fuel from the ...

A microscopic piece of genetic material known as the Y chromosome made headlines last week. It is nothing new or rare; every man has one in practically every cell, or he would not be a man.

iconic X-shaped chromosomes formed during mitosis that help ensure the accurate passing of genetic information between cells during cell division. Published in the journal Science, these findings ...

Future studies will likely focus on unraveling the complexities of chromosome structure, function, and regulation, as well as developing new technologies for manipulating and analyzing chromosomes.

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

As it turns out, the chromosome also has important functions beyond determining sex. According to a study published July 14 in Science, a lack of the Y chromosome in bone marrow cells causes heart ...

"The X and Y chromosomes have traditionally been viewed primarily as determinants of biological sex, but they're much more than that. They contain genes that affect how cells function in ways we ...

The new method may one day be used for gene therapies that express working copies of genes that function independently of the host's chromosomes. The technique may be particularly useful for ...