Despite the use of real-time ultrasound and spring-loaded biopsy needles, the frequency of clinically significant bleeding after kidney biopsy is approximately 3–12%, with up to 6% of all ...

In these instances, unroofing of the cyst and subsequent biopsy may be required. In addition certain renal diseases require a biopsy for diagnosis. Laparoscopy has provided an ideal way to manage ...

Clinical judgment should determine the utility of testing for other markers of kidney damage for detection of CKD, such as imaging studies, other urine or serum markers, or biopsy of the kidney.