This research shows how close examination of even microscopic fossils can reveal large-scale patterns such as ocean ...

Reconstruction of a marine landscape of the Early Pliocene (5.1-4.5 million years ago) off the coast of Tuscany (central Italy) showing the monodontid Casatia thermophila and the sirenian ...

A broken tooth lodged deep in bone can outlast the animal that lost it. In two whale skulls from Belgium, those fragments ...

Learn how whale fossils and embedded shark teeth reveal feeding behavior and scavenging in the Early Pliocene North Sea ...

The Pliocene epoch, which lasted from 5.3 million to 2.6 million years ago, was a consequential time in Earth's history. The Isthmus of Panama formed, connecting North and South America, and the ...

Woodeltia sorapuchiensis gen. et sp. nov. A newly described species from early-Miocene Japan that later adapted to cold Pliocene environments in Hokkaido, providing insights into the genus’s ...

Learn how the newly identified crocodile Crocodylus lucivenator lived alongside Lucy’s species in ancient Ethiopia — and why researchers say it may have been the region’s most dangerous predator. More ...

Olson, Storrs L. 1985. "Early Pliocene Procellariiformes (Aves) from Langebaanweg, South-western Cape Province, South Africa." Annals of the South African Museum, 95, (3) 123–145.